Understanding Heart Disease: A Spotlight for American Heart Month

By Integrity Team | October 20, 2025

Each February, American Heart Month brings much-needed attention to the nation’s number one killer: heart disease. One in four deaths in the USA is caused by heart disease Despite advances in medical science, heart disease remains a leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. American Heart Month aims to address the lack of awareness by getting us all thinking about the small ways in which we can keep our hearts healthy. Let’s dive into the essentials of heart disease and how to take steps toward a stronger, healthier heart.

What Is Heart Disease?

Heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease (CVD), refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. The most common type is coronary artery disease (CAD), which occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup. This can lead to serious complications such as heart attacks and strokes.

Other forms of heart disease include:

  • Arrhythmias: Irregular heart rhythms.
  • Heart Failure: When the heart cannot pump blood effectively.
  • Heart Valve Disease: Malfunction of one or more heart valves.

Congenital Heart Defects: Heart abnormalities present at birth.

Key Risk Factors for Heart Disease

While some risk factors, such as age and family history, cannot be controlled, many others are preventable or manageable. Major risk factors include:

  1. High Blood Pressure: Often called the “silent killer,” uncontrolled blood pressure increases the risk of heart disease.
  2. High Cholesterol: Elevated levels of LDL (“bad”) cholesterol can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries.
  3. Smoking: Tobacco use damages blood vessels and significantly raises the risk of heart disease.
  4. Diabetes: Poorly managed blood sugar levels can harm blood vessels and the heart.
  5. Obesity: Excess weight puts added strain on the heart and increases the likelihood of high blood pressure, diabetes, and cholesterol issues.
  6. Sedentary Lifestyle: A lack of physical activity weakens the heart and contributes to other risk factors.
  7. Unhealthy Diet: Diets high in saturated fats, sodium, and added sugars can increase the risk of heart disease.
  8. Stress: Chronic stress and poor stress management can negatively impact heart health.

Warning Signs You Shouldn’t Ignore

Recognizing the warning signs of heart disease or a heart attack can save lives. Common symptoms include:

  • Chest pain or discomfort, often described as pressure, squeezing, or fullness.
  • Shortness of breath.
  • Pain or discomfort in the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach.
  • Nausea, lightheadedness, or cold sweats.

Important: Women may experience more subtle symptoms, such as fatigue, nausea, or back pain. Always consult a healthcare provider if you notice these signs.

Taking Control: Steps to Prevent Heart Disease

The good news is that many cases of heart disease are preventable. Here are some actionable steps you can take to improve your heart health:

  1. Adopt a Heart-Healthy Diet:
    • Choose whole, nutrient-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
    • Limit saturated fats, trans fats, sodium, and added sugars.
    • Incorporate heart-healthy fats from sources like nuts, seeds, and fish.
    • Find heart-healthy diets here on www.millionhearts.hhs.gov
  2. Stay Physically Active:
    • Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, such as brisk walking or cycling.
    • Include strength training activities to build muscle and support overall health.
  3. Quit Smoking:
    • If you smoke, seek resources and support to help you quit. The benefits to your heart begin almost immediately after quitting.
  4. Monitor Your Numbers:
    • Regularly check your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar. Partner with your doctor to address any issues early.
  5. Manage Stress:
    • Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or yoga.
    • Set aside time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation.
  6. Get Regular Checkups:

Preventive care is key. Schedule annual visits with your healthcare provider to assess your heart health and discuss any concerns.

How can RX OUTREACH help you:

All your cardiovascular medications are available at Rx Outreach at reasonable costs, particularly when taking the drugs as prescribed, which is crucial to managing this long-term illness.

Post Written by: Nikhat Banu, PharmD Candidate, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy (St. Louis)

References:

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